This article, introducing the Special Issue, investigates the notion of "agency of language" and its historical roots: the phenomenological emphasis on the social actors' role in constituting their Life-World. It is, in fact, this intellectual competition among contending orientations that promises to animate innovative work in cultural sociology in the immediate future. He or she still needs to figure out and make “implicit claims about what the symbols mean to individual actors or group of actors.” The only saving grace, then, seems to be that at least the “discourses and practices are concretely observable in a way that meanings, ideas, and values never really were” (p. 76). Paula Saukko (2003) has recently taken a fresh look at both the classical and the new methodological approaches to the study of culture. 1998. “Theory/Practice.” Pp. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Objective factors determine subjective ones, for, as Marx ([1904] 1959) declares in the oft-quoted passage from his A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, “It is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence, but, on the contrary, their social existence determines their consciousness” (p. 43). Laclau, Ernesto and Chantal Mouffe. Elteren, Melvan. New York: Random House. Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Wuthnow, Robert and Marsha Witten. I have also taught negotiation (Bonnell and Hunt 1999:9). Linstead, Stephen. 2000. “Every Man an Ubermensch: The Culture of Cultural Studies.” Substance 29:104–38. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1986. However, this focus on culture as practices in interaction, which she says is quite in line with “Lévi-Strauss’s notion that animals are good to think with” (Swidler 2001:75), reduces human action to behavior and the human actor to an automaton or an unthinking animal. . Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Reading Capital. The book was to be a part of a series of related publications that defined the concept of culture “in the broadest sense to encompass the study of mentalities, ideology, symbols and rituals, and high and popular culture” (Bonnell and Hunt 1999:ix). The sociological study of culture owes much to the great methodological contribution made by Dilthey through his contrast between the empirical-observational methods of the natural sciences (Naturwissenschaften) and the hermeneutic method of understanding of the cultural sciences (Geisteswissenschaften). The 1991. [1952] 1963. The history and the future direction of the cultural turn in the social sciences have been addressed in a series of essays included in the volume titled Beyond the Cultural Turn: New Directions in the Study of Society and Culture (Bonnell and Hunt 1999), a central text in the new and emerging fields of cultural sociology and cultural history. In this article, the author provides guidance to help qualitative researchers use reflexivity to identify areas of potential bias and to “bracket” them so their influence on the research process is minimal. Rather than effecting a separation of knowledge and power, this last sentence again places knowledge cultures squarely within an all-encompassing logic of power (see Foucault 1980). (Farganis 2004:58), By the 1980s, however, Bellah noted that this consensus seemed to have all but evaporated as aggressive individualism took off on its own in the age of greed, greatly weakening the sense of community and the civic society and creating a critical “crisis of meaning.” As Seidman points out, “in the aftermath of the enfeeblement of the American civil religion and the failure of the new religions to move beyond sectarianism,” Robert Bellah turned “cynical toward his earlier argument that national civil religions might function as socially cohering symbolic configurations” (Bellah 1975; Bellah et al. London, England: Routledge. Laclau, Ernesto. Mohr also draws attention to Griswold’s (1987, 1993) attempt to formulate rigorous empirical approaches that try to bridge the gap between the understanding of meaning contained in literary and other texts and the study of social structure. 1973. A qualitative research approach, with the use of one-on-one semi-structured interviews, was used to obtain information from participants. Filmer, Paul. . places cultural forms outside of history” (Rose 1999:233–34). are “diametrically opposed to the basic tenets and world views of all traditional societies, no matter how much the latter may differ among themselves” (p. 10). He therefore set about to establish the synonymy of God and society, with God being nothing but society transfigured and expressed as a symbol. Focus group interview discussions unveiled the surprising ways in which the pre-service teachers used the question prompts, not only as tools for reflection but for planning lessons and preparing for professional discussions with mentors. , leaning on others distinct curriculum perspectives, each offering a different view of “The text a... Can we speak of it as influencing the behavior of individuals M. Tipton of. 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